Spectrum Analyzers

Spectrum analyzers are fundamental test and measurement instruments that display signal amplitude as a function of frequency. Unlike oscilloscopes, which show signals in the time domain, spectrum analyzers operate in the frequency domain — making them essential for characterizing RF signals, identifying interference, measuring harmonic distortion, and verifying emissions compliance. They are used across telecommunications, aerospace and defense, electronics manufacturing, automotive, and R&D laboratories wherever radio frequency signals are generated, transmitted, or received.

Modern spectrum analyzers range from compact handheld units for field measurements to high-performance benchtop instruments capable of analyzing signals from DC to hundreds of gigahertz. Many current models feature real-time spectrum analysis (RTSA) capabilities, allowing engineers to capture transient and intermittent signals that swept-tuned analyzers would miss. Signal analyzers from leading manufacturers typically include vector signal analysis and demodulation capabilities for modern digital communications standards including LTE, 5G NR, and Wi-Fi.

Typical Applications

EMC pre-compliance and compliance testing to measure conducted and radiated emissions per CISPR, FCC Part 15, and CE standards
RF signal characterization including frequency, power, harmonics, and spurious emissions in wireless product design and manufacturing
Wireless network interference detection and spectrum monitoring in cellular, Wi-Fi, and satellite communications
Radar and electronic warfare signal analysis in aerospace and defense applications
Modulation quality analysis (EVM, ACPR) for LTE, 5G NR, Wi-Fi 6, and other digital radio standards
Phase noise and oscillator characterization in RF component development and production testing

Popular Brands

Keysight Technologies offers a broad portfolio including the MXA, EXA, and UXA signal analyzers covering frequencies up to 110 GHz. Rohde & Schwarz is well-regarded for their FSW and FSV series with exceptional dynamic range and phase noise performance. Anritsu provides the MS2830A and MS2850A series for benchtop use and the MS2720T for field applications. Tektronix specializes in real-time spectrum analyzers such as the RSA series, valued for capturing transient RF events in electronics and defense applications.